Organotin compound stabilizers for halogenated polymers

ABSTRACT

WHERE A IS 0 OR 1, XX&#39;&#39;, Y AND Y&#39;&#39; ARE 1 - 6, R1, R2 R6 and R7 are C1-12 alkyl, cycloalkyl, aromatic or aralkyl hydrocarbyl, R4 and R9 are as defined for R1 or are C13-21 alkyl, C2-21 alkenyl or substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl, R3, R5, R8 and R10 are as defined for R4 or are hydrogen or a pair of R3 and R5 or R8 and R10 together with the carbon atom to which they are joined forms a cycloalkyl ring and X is O or S, are stabilizers for halogen containing resins, especially PVC.

United States Patent 11 1 Collins et al.

[ July 15, 1975 ORGANOTIN COMPOUND STABILIZERS FOR HALOGENATED POLYMERS [73] Assignee: Albright & Wilson Limited,

Oldbury, Warley, West Midlands, England 22 Filed: Nov. 23, 1973 21 Appl. No.: 418,591

[30] Foreign Application Priority Data Nov. 29, 1972 United Kingdom 55042/72 Sept. 10, 1973 United Kingdom 42451/73 [52] US. Cl. 260/45.75 S; 260/45.75 J; 260/429.7 [51] Int. Cl. C08f 45/62 [58] Field of Search 260/45.75 K

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2.641596 6/1953 Leistner et a1 260/45.75 2,744,876 5/1956 3,019,247 1/1962 Mack et a1. 260/45.75 3,217,004 11/1965 Hechenbleikner et al 260/45.75 3,778,456 12/1973 Hoye et al. 260/45.75

Primary Examiner-V. P. Hoke Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Robert P. Auber; Kenneth G. Wheeless; Robert Spector where a is 0 or 1, xx, y and y are l 6, R R R and R are C alkyl, cycloalkyl, aromatic or aralkyl hydrocarbyl, R and R are as defined for R or are C alkyl, C alkenyl or substituted aromatic hydrocarbyl, R R R and R are as defined for R or are hydrogen or a pair of R and R or R and R together with the carbon atom to which they are joined forms a cycloalkyl ring and X is O or S, are stabilizers for halogen containing resins, especially PVC.

5 Claims, No Drawings ORGANOTIN COMPOUND STABILIZERS FOR HALOGENATED POLYMERS The present invention relates to organotin compounds and to their use as stabilizers for polymeric materials, in particular halogenated resins such as polymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride.

The use of organotin compounds containing sulphur as stabilizers for halogenated resins has for many years been recognised as being highly effective. However, the compounds employed have normally been those having a comparatively high tin content and so, in view of the high cost of tin, are expensive relative to other available stabilisers. Thus, despite their high efficiency these compounds are still not as widely used as other, less effective, materials.

The compounds of the present invention are sulphurcontaining organotin compounds which have a lower tin content than most conventional sulphur-containing organotin compounds and so are potentially cheaper.

Accordingly, the present invention provides new chemical compounds of the formula:

OOCR

carbon atoms, e.g.,-methyl groups. R, and R are normally alkyl or alkenyl groups of 10 to 19 carbon atoms, preferably linear ones, e.g., of formula CH (CH where z is an integer of 9-1 8, preferably 10-16 and especially 17. R and R are preferably phenyl or substituted phenyl (the substitutents being for example alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms especially methyl, or alkoxy of l to 6 carbon atoms, especially methoxy or hydroxy) groups, branched chain alkyl group of 3 10 preferably 4 8 carbon atoms preferablyithose in which the free valency is at the point of branching, i.e., of formula Cl-l R R where R and R are alkyl groups of 1 to 6 carbon atoms especially ethyl and butyl e.g. pent 3 yl and hept 3 yl groups or straight chain alkyl groups of 7 to 13 carbon atoms e.g. n-nonyl and nundecyl groups. x and x are preferably 1 or 2, y and y are preferably 1 or 2, and X is preferably oxygen. The groups C rl-I C, H C H and C 11 are preferably linear, e.g., of formula (CH In preferred compounds of formula I, the groups and R -C-R wherein a is or 1, each of R R R and R which are the same or different, is an alkyl group of l to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl group, aromatic hydrocarbyl group, e.g., of 6 to 19 carbon atoms, e.g., phenyl or aralkyl hydrocarbyl group, e.g., of 7 to 19 carbon atoms such as benzyl, each of R and R which are the same or different, is as defined above for R R R and R or is an alkyl group of 13- 21 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of 2-21 carbon atoms or an inertly substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, wherein the substituent is preferably at least one group of formula OH, OR SR.,, COOR OOCR or SSR each of R R R and R which are the same or different, is as defined above for R and R or is hydrogen or at least one of the pairs R and R and R and R together with the carbon atom to which they are attached forms a cyclo alkyl ring, preferably a cyclohexane ring, each of x, x, y and y, which are the same or different is an integer of l-6, and X is oxygen or sulphur.

Preferably the compounds are symmetric with R R R R R x and y the same respectively as R R R R R x and y. R R R and R are preferably C to C alkyl, e.g., n-butyl or n-octyl groups or cycloalkyl groups of 5 7 carbon atoms, e.g., cyclohexyl groups. R and R are preferably hydrogen or alkyl of l to 6 are the same and represent groups of formula l EH- (cn cn When a is 0, the compounds of the present invention are of the formula:

of l to 13 carbon atoms a cycloalkyl group,'an aryl or aralkyl group, R and R are hydrogen, an alkyl or an aryl group and z is an integer of 1 to 20. R is most preferably a methyl group. The groups C,H ,'C,'

to the total number of moles of precursors is 0.5 1 or less than compounds of formula I, wherein a is O (i.e., of formula II) are formed. When the ratio is between 0.521 and 1:1 both compounds of formula II and III are H v C H AND C H are preferably 5 formed. (CH2)1, 2): 2)y and (Cl-12),, The process can be carried out in several different When a is 1, the compounds of the present invention ways. Thus to prepare the symmetrical compounds of are of the formula: formula III, one mole of a precursor of formula IV can In be reacted directly with atleast one mole of tin com- (fl-l 006 R 10 pound of formula R R SnO (when X in the compound of formula I is oxygen) or at least one mole of tin compound of formula R R SnS (when X in the compound CH 00C C H s t of formula I is sulphur).

2 y 2y C /R5 To prepare the symmetrical compounds of formula II S one mole of precursor can be reacted with 0.5 mole of Sn tin compound of formula R R Sn O or R R SnS. These R symmetrical compounds of formula II can be converted 2 X into compounds of formula III by reaction with at least I 0.5 mole (per mole of the compound of formula II) of 6 2O tin compound of formula R R SnO (when X is to be ox- Sn ygen) or R,R SnS (when X is to be sulphur). The com- 7 0OC C H S in R pounds of formula II] can be converted into those of 2x 8 formula II by treatment with more precursor com- C pounds of formula IV and/or V, e.g., with an extra 0.5 f z S mole precursor per mole of compound of formula III. CHOH The precursors of formula IV can be prepared by re- 1 acting at least one mole of a mono ester of glycerol of formula Hocrr CHOH CH OCOR with one mole of a mercapto carboxylic acid of formula HS C I-I In a second aspect the mventlon provides a process COOH to produce an intermediate of formula HS for preparing the compounds of the invention by react- CyH2y C00 CH2CHOH CH2OCO R4, reacting this mg at least one Precursor of formula Iv termediate with a carbonyl compound of formula IV R R CO and a mercapto carboxylic acid of formula CH 00CR I-ISC l-I COOl-I to produce the precursor of formula 1 IV, the intermediate, carbonyl compound and latter .CHOH mercapto carboxylic acid being used in about equimo- CH 0OC-C H S R lar amounts. A corresponding sequence of reactions y y C can be used to prepare the precursors of formula V.

f v To prepare asymmetric compounds of formula I, pre- HOOC-CXHZX S R3 cursors of formula IV and V, which are different, are

used if the assymmetry is in the part of the molecule deor formula V rived from the precursors, and for compounds of formula l, where a is l, at least two organotin compounds, v CH OOCR one containing R, and R groups and the other different 2 9 R- a d R rou s are used ifth tr i i the ,n g p, easymmeysn CHQH groups attached to tin. l Frequently all the reactions to form the compounds CHZOOC z of formula I are carried out in the same solvent meso dium, which may be an aromatic hydrocarbon, e,g., benzene, toluene or xylene, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, moc n HZXI 5 e.g., hexane or petroleum ether b.p. (80 or a cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon, e.g., cyclohexane. It is often desirwith at least one tin compound f f l s o able to have an acidic catalyst present in the reaction, R R SnO, R R SnS or R R SnS. e.g., p-toluene sulphonlc acid, hydrochloric acid or a If the ratio of the total number of moles of tin metal chloride suitable as a Frledel Crafts catalyst, such pound to the total number of moles of precursors is at as Z chlondeleast 1:1, then compounds of formula III are formed. If Examples of compounds of formula II according to the ratio of the total number of moles of tin compound the invention include: I

fIl-l OOC-(CH CII cnon R Sn CI-IZOOC (Cl-I y S I C l'l CH Cl-I R OOC(CH S C H CH CH CH H 000 3 l OC(CH CH CHOH cu 00c cu cu s c H 2 2 CH-CH l f CH 00C CH CH S CH C H 00C (II-I CH S C H 5 2 2 2 C 3 Sn CZHQ/ 0 X111 CZ*H9\ 00C CH2CH2- S (CH2)8CH3 c H 1/ l Sn 4 9\ O C H Sn A 9 ca OOCCHCH-S ,CH

c H XVI CH CH 4 9\ cu ooc cu cn s c n l 5 CHOH 3 9 2 2 fis a c CH OOC(CH CH 20 CH 00c cu cn -s c11 CHOH CH 0OC(CH CH 2 Z 16 3 CH OOC (Cl-l (H CHOH Compounds according to the Invention find use as E 006 CH CH 5 stabilisers for halogen-containing resins, that is for 2 2 2 I polymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride or, vinylidene chloride, chlorinated vinyl chloride polymers and chlo- C H 00C CH CH S 0 rinated polyethylene. Accordingly, from a further as- 4 9 2 2 H pect the present invention provides a composition which comprises a halogen-containing resin and as a c 1-1 stabiliser therefore a compound of the formula I.

O The organotin compounds will bepresent in compo- XIV i sitions according to the invention in amounts so as to C i-l S produce the desired stabilising effect; often this will be n from 0.01 10%, preferably 0.2 5% and especially 2 OH to 3% by weight based on the total amount of polymeric resin present.

1 It has also been found that by mixing 1 by CH 00cc CH weight (based on the weight of the organotin com- 2 pound of the invention) of a monoalkyltin compound CHOH such as a monoalkyltin tris (mercapto glycollate) ester I 0 CH of a C alkanol e.g. monobutyltin tris (iso-octyl thio- 2 o 2 16 3 glycollate) with the organotin compound, the stabilizing efficiency of the compound increases. Preferably 5 CH OOC(CH CH 2 2 l6 3 XV CHOH H OOC CH CH S CH CH CH-CH c H 00c cu cu s .(cu ca Sn s n 0 (1 a Sn ca 000- CHCH-S U 8 17 2 2 CH CH 2 3 3 m ooccn cu s cu cn cnou based on total amount of organotin compound is used. Other additives which also improve the initial clarity of polymer during thermal tests with organotin compounds are:

a. Butyl epoxy stearate (B.E.S.) b. Mono-octyltin tri (iso-octyl thioglycollate) c. Dibutyltin sulphide and oxide (1. Dibutyltin cyclic mercapto acetate and/or Dibutyltin cyclic B-mercapto propionate and/or Dioctyltin cyclic mercapto acetate and/or Dioctyltin cyclic B-mercapto propionate. Optionally, but advantageously, compositions according to the invention also contain hindered phenols, that is those having at least one alkyl substituent in a position ortho to the hydroxyl group, as auxiliary stabil lisers. Such phenols preferably have 1 8 carbon atoms in each alkyl group, which is especially a tertiary butyl group. Examples of such phenols include butylated hydroxy-anisole, 2,6-di-tert.-butylphenol, methylene bis- (2,4-di-tert.-butylphenol), methylene bis-(2,6-di-tert.-

butylphenol), methylene bis-(2,6-di-tert.-butyl-3- methylphenol), 4,4'-butylidene bis-(6-tert.-butyl-3- methylphenol), methylene bis-(4-ethyl-6-tert.- butylphenol), methylene bis-(4-methyl-2,6-di-tert.-

butylphenol). Particularly preferred, however, is 2,6- 2

di-tert.-butyl-4-methyl-phenol.

Such phenols may be present in an amount of up to 3% preferably from 0.01 to 0.05% by weight of the resin and will normally be present at about 4-l0% by weight, preferably 58% based on the total amount of organotin compounds used.

Esters of phosphorous and thiophosphorous acid may be employed in compositions according to the invention. Such compounds include halo-phosphites such as tris chloropropyl phosphite and polymeric phosphites such as those from hydrogenated 44'-isopropylidene diphenol. Preferred phosphites and thiophosphites, however, are monomers having no substituents in the organo-group and having no more than one sulphur atom. These include triaryl phosphites and trialkyl phosphites. Such compounds include, for example, triphenyl phosphite, trixylylphosphite, trinonyl phenyl phosphite and trioctyl phosphite. Diesters of phosphorous acid such as di-isopropyl phosphite, dibutyl phosphite and diphenyl phosphite are also of use. Particularly preferred, however, are the mixed alkyl aryl phosphites such as octyl diphenyl phosphite, isodecyl diphenyl phosphite and diisodecyl phenyl phosphite. This particularly pronounced effect may also be obtained by employing a mixture of a triaryl phosphite and an alcohol in conjunction with the organotin compound. A particularly suitable mixture is that of triphenyl phosphite and isodecanol.

The stabiliser composition of the invention can also contain an epoxy compound, as may be desired for example in cases where a delay of initial colour change of the polymer is desired. Epoxy compounds which may be employed in such compositions include butyl epoxy stearate, esters of epoxidised oleic acid and compounds of the formula Organotin formulations as described above, optionally including a hindered phenol, an alkyl aryl phosphite or aryl phosphite or an epoxide, will often be used as the only stabiliser in a polymeric vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride compositions. However, if desired conventional thermal stabilisers may also be included. These may include, for example, metal soap stabilisers, such as cadmium, barium, or zinc salts of fatty acids, or lead salts such as lead carbonate or stearate or dibasic lead phosphite or phthalate, or tribasic lead sulphate or conventional organotin stabilisers such as dibutyltin dilaurate or dibutyltin maleate or sulphur-containing compounds such as dibutyltin bisthioglycollates.

In the practice of the invention the stabiliser formulation may be mixed with the copolymer resin in the conventional manner for example by milling with the resin on heated rolls at l60C e.g. about C., although higher temperatures may be used when convenient, or by being mixed with particles of the polymer and then melting and extruding the mixture or by adding the stabiliser to a liquid resin.

Resins which may be used in compositions according to the invention normally contain at least 40% by weight of chlorine. Usually it will be a polymer or copolymer of vinyl chloride or or vinylidene chloride but post-halogenated polyvinyl chloride or posthalogenated polyolefines, such as polyethylene, may be employed if desired, Suitable monomers which may form such copolymers with vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride include for example acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, diesters of fumaric acid and maleic acid, ethylene, propylene and lauryl vinyl ether and these co-monomers may be present in an amount of up to 25% of the total weight of monomers copolymerised.

The organotin stabiliser formulation may be employed in either plasticised resin compositions, for example those plasticised with carboxylic ester plasticisers, e.g., di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate or di-isooctyl phthalate or with phosphate esters such as tri(alkyl phenyl) phosphates or may be employed in rigid compositions. Such rigid compositions contain little or no plasticisers although for some applications up to about 10% by weight of plasticiser may be present. This is in contrast with plasticised compositions where the amount of plasticisers present is normally greater than 50% by weight of the polymeric material and is often greater than 100% on that basis; amounts of 30-l50% are often used.

In addition to the stabilizers, the composition of the invention may also contain conventional additives, e.g., pigments, fillers, dyes and ultraviolet absorbing agents.

The invention is illustrated in the following Examples:

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Compound of Formula VI. Glycerol mono stearate (34.8g, 0.1M) and B-mercaptopropionic acid (10.6g, 0.1M) were refluxed in Step (1) (a) Glycerol mono stczlralc 34.8 g toluene (250 ml) in presence of p-toluene sulphonic (b) l i 10-65 (c) p-tolucnc sulphonlc acid ca.0.3g acid (ca. 0.2g-O.3g) till the calculated amount of water (d) Toluene 300 ml 11 c Step (2) (c) Anisaldehydc 13.6 g

had co e ted [to gwe C17H35COOCH2 CH(OH (f) B-mcrcaptopropinic acid 10.6 g CH2OOC CH2CH2 -l Step 3) (g) Dibutyltin oxide 12.5 g

2-ethyl butyraldehyde (10.0g, 0.1M) and B-mercaptopropionic acid (10.6g, 0.1M) were also added into the above warm solution and the mixture refluxed until The product is a slightly yellow, soft wax-like solid at r the calculated amount of water had collected again room temperature.

r to give C H C00 CH -CH(OH)CH OOC CH CH S CH SCH CH COOH After cooling the solution dibutyltin oxide (12.5g, 0.05M) was added to the solution and the mixture re- Analysis fluxed until a clear solution was obtained. The hot solu- Calculated Found tion was thus filtered under vacuum and finally the toluene was removed from the warm solution under re- S =8.l4% S =7.5% duced pressure.

The product is a white soft waxy solid at room temperature- Its structure was also confirmed by IR. and NMR.

EXAMPLE 4 Analysis Preparation of compound of formula X. calculucd Fmnd It was prepared by the same method as in Example 5 1 5 3077, 1 using the following quantities:

Step (1) (a) glycerol mono stearate 34.8 g (b) B-mercaptopropionic acid 10.6 g (c) p-toluene sulphonic acid ca.0.2g d t l n 300 1 its structure was also confirmed by LR. and N.M.R. Step (2) E gfij f (f) B-mercaptopropionic acid 10.6 g EXAMPLE 2 Step (3) (g) dioctyltin oxide 18.0 g

Preparation of Compound of Formula Vll.

This Compound was p p y the same method as The product is a white soft wax-like solid at room temin Example 1 using the following quantities: perature' Step (1) (a) Glycerol mono stearate 34.8g

(b) B-Mercaptopropionic acid 10.6g Analysis Calculated Found (c) p-toluene sulphonic acid ca.0.2 g

(d) toluene 250 ml Sn 6.7% Sn 6.3% Step (2) (e) 2-ethyl butyraldehyde 10 g S 7.1% S 6.7%

(f) B-mercaptopropionic acid 106 g C 63.4% C 62.54% Step (3) (g) Dioctyltin oxide 18.] g H 10.1% H 10.527:

The product is a white soft waxy-like solid at room temperature.

Its structure was also confirmed by IR.

EXAMPLE 5 Preparation of compound of Formula IX.

Calculated F und It was prepared exactly by the same method and using the same quantities of starting materials as in Example 4, with the difference in step (3) i.e. using dibutyltin oxide (12.5g) instead of dioctyltin oxide.

The product is a white soft wax-like solid at room temperature.

II II its structure was also confirmed by IR. and N.M.R.

EXAMPLE 3 Preparation of Compound of formula VII]. Analysis It was prepared by the same method as in Example Calculated Found 1 using the following quantities:

It was prepared by the same method as in Example 112% S 5 =7.67% s 1 using the following quantities.

EXAMPLE 6 dibutyltin oxide 12.5g., 0.05M) was added thereto and Preparation of Compound of formula XL the mixture refluxed until a cleansolution was obwas prepared exactly by the same method and tained. The hot solution was then filtered under vacusing the same quantities of starting materials as in EX- and finally the toluene was removed from the ample 1 with the difference in Step (2) using 5 warm solution under reduced pressure to leave the M h l N ketone 17 1 M) instead f 2 Ethy1 product as a white soft waxy solid at room temperature. Butyraldehyde.

The product is a white soft wax-like solid at room temperature.

Analysis Calculated Found Analysis Sn 13.5% Sn 12.65% Calculated Found 5 S 73 S 73% 1 C 56.2% C 55.01% Sn 7.24% 6.76% S 7.8% 725% H 9.03% H 8.77% C 61.5% 60.5 H 9.7% 9.83%

Its structure was also confirmed by IR. and N.M.R.

The structure was also confirmed by IR. and N.M.R. EXAMPLE 9 analysls' Preparation of compound of formula XII.

EXAMPLE 7 This compound was prepared by heating the final s0- fH OOC (Cl-l CH Emil 11 000 e11 011 s c 2 z 2 4% (0 11 Sn /CH CH ooc cn cn s c 11 This Compound was prepared by the same method as lution obtained by the method of Example 2 and conln Example 1 but using the following materials and taining the compound of formula VlI(32.2g. 0.02 M) quantitiesand dioctyltin oxide 7.2 gms, 0.02 M) with constant stirring and heating to reflux tilla clear solution was obtained. The product was isolated as described in Exam- Step (1 (a) glycerol m n stearate 69 6 g ple 8. The product is a white soft waxy solid at room (b) B-mercaptopropionic acid 21.2 g temper-aura (c) p-toluene sulphonic acid ca 0.3 g (d) Toluene 200 ml Step (2) (c) B-mercapto propionic acid 21.2 g

(r Z-ethyl hexanal 25.6 g Analys's Step (3) (g) Dioctyltin oxide 36.1 g Calcu'ated Found Sn%= 12.0 Sn%= l 1.5 The product is a white waxy solid at room temperature, f 3"; if; f 53 whose structure was confirmed by its infra red and n m 1 I w; 5 r spectra.

its structure was also confirmed by LR. and N.M.R. analysis.

Analysis 55 EXAMPLE 0 Calculated Found Preparation of compound of formula XlV.

This compound was prepared by the same method as Sn 7.1% 7.0% S 1; 80% in Example 8 using the following quantities: c 61.9% 61.1% Step) H 9957 996% (a) Glycerol mono stearate 34.8 g. (b) B-Mercaptopropionic acid 10.6 g. (c) p-toluene sulphonic acid Ca. 0.2 g. (d) toluene 200 ml. Step (2) EXAMPLE 8 (e) salicylaldehyde 12.2 g. (f) B-mercaptopropionic acid 10.6 8 Preparation of compound of formula Xlll. Step (3) The final hot solution obtained in Example 1 and (g) dlbulyltm Oxide 12.5 g.

. Ste (4) containing the compound of formula VI was cooled, p (mdibutymn oxide The product is a slightly yellow waxy solid at room temperature.

Analysis Calculated Found Sn 13.2% Sn 12.2% S 7.1% S 7.3%

Its structure was also confirmed by IR. and N.M.R.

EXAMPLE 1 1 Preparation of compound of formula XV.

This compound was prepared by the same method as in Example 9, i.e., by heating dioxtyltin oxide (10.8g., 0.03M) and the final solution obtained by the method of Example 7 and containing XI (328g, 0.02 M) with constant stirring till a clear solution was obtained. &

The product is a white waxy solid at room temperature.

Analysis Found Calculated Sn 11.75 Sn 12.4 S 7.6 S 8.4 C 57.9 C 58.0 H 9.8 H 9.3

EXAMPLE l3 Polyvinyl chloride resins containing compounds of Examples 1-7 and 8-12 were tested for initial colour development against known stabilisers (with and with- (50 g., 0.3 M) with constant stirring and heating to reout mono-butyltin tri iso-octyl thioglycollate) on an flux till a clear solution was obtained.

The product is a slightly yellow coloured solid at room temperature.

Preparation of compound of formula XVI.

This compound was prepared by the same method as in Example 1 l by heating dibutyltin sulphide (5.3g, 0.02 M) and the final solution obtained by the method of Example 6 and containing the compound of formula equal tin basis for Examples 1-6 (Table l) and on an equal part basis for Examples 8-12 (Table 2). Improved results were obtained in spite of the lower tin content of'the compounds of the invention as compared to the known stabilizers (see Tables 1 and 2).

The known stabilizers were dibutyltin bis(iso-octyl) thioglycollate) and dioctyltin bis (iso-octyl thioglycollate) with and without monobutyltin tri(iso-octyl thioglycollate).

A series of rigid (non-plasticized) formulations was prepared from the polyvinyl chloride resin Corvic D55- /09 Parts). When testing the compounds of the invention lubricant has not been added added to the polymer because the new compounds tested themselves act as a lubricant during milling at about C, but with known stabilizers 0.5 parts of Lubricant (Laurex CS) (per 100 parts of Polymer) has been added (marked in Tables 1 and 2). In some cases monobutyltin tri(iso octyl thioglycollate) has also been added (marked A in Table 2). Laurex CS is the trade name for a mixture of cetyl and stearyl alcohols.

TABLE 1 Testing of stabilisers (with an Test Stabilizer(s) d/or without additives) in comparison with known stabilizers containing equal amount of tin in Polyvinyl chloride.

Colour on Gardner scale after heating at C for given time in min.

Parts of stabiliser(s) in 100 parts of PVC to (a) TAB LE 1 Continued Testing of stabilisers (with and/or without additives) in comparison with known stabilizers containing equal amount of tin in Polyvinyl chloride.

i Colour on Gardner Test Stabilizer(s) Parts of stabilisefls) scale after heating in 100 parts of PVC at 190C forgiven time in min.

3 (a) Product Ex 3 (a) 2.0 part (b) *DBT(IOT). (b) Tin equivalent to (a) 3+ 4 (a) Product Ex 5 (a) 1.5 part (b) "DBT(1OT) (b) Tin equivalent to a 5 (a) Product Ex 2 (a) part (b) *DBT(1OT) (b) Tin equivalent to a 3+ .5

5(a) (a) Prod. Ex 6 (a) 1.5 parts (b) *DBTUOT): (b) Tin equiv alent to 6 (a) *DBT(IOT) (a) 0.3 5-6 (b) Product Ex 6 (b) Tin equivalcnt to (a) 7 (a) *DBT(1OT)2 (a) 0.5

(b) Product Ex 1 (b) Tin equivalent to (a) 8 (a) *(DBTflOTlg (a) 0.8

(1)) Product Ex 1 (b) Tin equivalent to (a) 0-1 9 (a) *DBT(IOT) (a) 0.166

(b) Product Ex 1 (b).Tin equiv.

alent to (a) 2-3 10 (a) *DOT(1OT) (a) 0.75

(b) Product Ex 2 (b) Tin equivalent to (a) 11 (a) *DOT(lOT)z (a) 0.5

(b) Product Ex 2 (b) Tin equivalent to (a) 12 (a) *DOT(IOT) (a) 0.3

(b) Product Ex 2 (b) Tin equivalent to (a) J 444 J J 4444 4 123 48 515 5 4 4 222 J 000 2 403020 30 0 0 30 000 30 000 0n v 30200 20% 000 200000 5 987 .0 0. .0 .00 0 0.00 l l l l l 11 111111 llllll )9) 1) 5 0 5 UW DA/MU A Q H MHMH +M n +w w 5 0 05 %w%9 MB 76% 8 7 h wm 2 z 2 UAA. bx Tx x x x )Xh))\m E .rE OETET TEmEmm mET m tHHH O U O Ot O l l 11 011 0.. w L 1. 1 .0 u u u m m mmmmmw mwwwww wwmmmm r r r r fi mp *fim mh *DD..* 01* n" *P*D***D Mme 0M6 MM mnm mmflfl mwmfl mflfiw MMUQHD 3 U 4 5 6 l 3 l. l l 1 17 (a)*DOT(lOT) (b) Product Ex 9 l8 (a)"DO'l'(lOT) (b) Product Ex 9 lesting of stahiliscrs (with and/or without additives) in comparison with known stabilizers containing equal amount of tin in Polyvinyl chloride.

('olour on (iardncr lest Stabilizen s) Parts of stahiliser(s) scale after heating in 100 parts of PVC at 190C for given time in min.

19 (a)*DBT(lOT) 1.0 3 4 5 1.5 1 2 4 (c) Product Ex 10 1.5 0 0 1-2 ((1) 1.0 0 0 1-2 (e) 0.6 0 0-1 1-2 (a) *DOT(1OT) 1.0 3 45 5 (b) Product Ex 11 1.0 0 2 0.8 0 0 2-3 (d) 0.6 0 0 3 21 (a)*DBT(1OT) 1.0 1 3 5-6 (b) Product Ex 12 1.0 O 0 2-3 (0) 0.8 0 0 2-3 0.6 0 0 4 (e) 0.4 0 0 7 Symbols are as follows A represents monohutyltin tri iso-octyl thioglycollate represents 0.5 parts of lubricant A denotes wt. percentage DBTUOT) represents dibutyltin bis-(iso-octyl thioglycollate) DOT( IOT): represents dioctyltin hisfiso-octyl thioglycollate) We claim: ertly substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, 1. A polymeric composition comprising a halogeneach of R R R and R which are the same or containing resin and, a stabilizer therefor, 0.01 10%, different, is as defined above for R and R or is hybased on the weight of said composition of an organodrogen or at least one of the pairs R and R and R tin compound of the general formula and R together with the carbon atom to which CH DOCK CHO};

OOCC H "S Sn (X-Sn) caoa l cniooca,

wherein a is O or 1,

each of x, x, y and y, which are the same or different, is an integer of 1 6 each of R R R and R which are the same or different is an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbyl group or an aralkyl hydrocarbyl group, each of R and R which are the same or different, is as defined above for R R R and R or is an alkyl group of 13 2] carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of 2 to 21 or an inoocc ag' s\'C"/ Ra they are attached, forms a cycloalkyl ring, and X is oxygen or sulphur.

2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein in the organotin compound a is 0, R R R and R are the same and are n-butyl or n-octyl, R and R are the same and are phenyl, o-hydroxyphenyl, p-methoxyphenyl, hept-3-y1, pent3-yl, n-nonyl or n-undecyl groups, R, and R are n-heptadecyl groups, R; and R are the same and are hydrogen or methyl, x, x, y and y are the same and are l or 2.

3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein in the organotin compound a is 1, R R R and R are the same and are n-butyl or n-octyl groups, R and R are the same and are phenyl, o-hydroxyphenyl, pmethoxyphenyl, hept-3-yl, pent-3-yl, n-nonyl or nundecyl groups, R, and R are n-heptadecyl groups, R and R are the same and are hydrogen or methyl, x, x,

I error;

CHQOOCCyHQy S R,

oocc tia (X-Sn) oocc m s 1R,

,CHOH

I cinoocn,

y and y are the same and are l or 2, and X is oxygen or sulphur.

4. A polymeric composition which comprises a halogen-containing resin and, as a stabilizer therefor, 0.01- 10% by weight of an organotin compound of the general formula wherein a is O or 1,

each of x, x, y and y, which are the same or different, is an integer of 1 6 each of R R R and R,, which are the same or different is an alkyl group of l to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbyl group CHZOOCR I CHOH CH OOCC Hz Sn g R, oocc H2 cuzoocc mz CHOH CH OOCR,

wherein a is O or 1,

each of x, x, y and y, which are the same or different, is an integer of l 6 each of R R R and R which are the same or different is an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbyl group or an aralkyl hydrocarbyl group, each of R and R which are the same or different, is as defined above for R R R and R or is an alkyl group of 13 21 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of 2 to 21 or an inertly substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, each of R R R and R which are the same or different, is as defined above for R and R or is hydrogen or at least one of the pairs R and R and R and R together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, forms a cycloalkyl ring, and X is oxygen or sulphur, and l%, based on the weight xysg) oocc rtz s or an aralkyl hydrocarbyl group, each of R and R which are the same or different, is as defined above for R R R and R or is an alkyl group of 13 21 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of 2 to 21 or an inertly substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group, each of R R R and R which are the same or different, is as defined above for R and R or is hydrogen or at least one of the pairs R and R and R and R together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, forms a cycloalkyl ring, and X is oxygen or sulphur, and l50%, based on the weight of said organotin compound, of a monoalkyltin tri(mercaptoglycollate ester) wherein the alcohol residue of said ester contains between 1 and 20 carbon atoms, inclusive. 

1. A POLYMERIC COMPOSITION COMPRISING A HALOGEN-CONTAINING RESIN AND, A STABILIZER THEREFOR, 0.01 - 10%, BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF SAID COMPOSITION OF AN ORGANOTION COMPOUND OF THE GENERAL FORMULA
 2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein in the organotin compound a is 0, R1, R2, R6 and R7 are the same and are n-butyl or n-octyl, R3 and R8 are the same and are phenyl, o-hydroxyphenyl, p-methoxyphenyl, hept-3-yl, pent-3-yl, n-nonyL or n-undecyl groups, R4 and R9 are n-heptadecyl groups, R5 and R10 are the same and are hydrogen or methyl, x, x'', y and y'' are the same and are 1 or
 2. 3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein in the organotin compound a is 1, R1, R2, R6, and R7 are the same and are n-butyl or n-octyl groups, R3 and R8 are the same and are phenyl, o-hydroxyphenyl, p-methoxyphenyl, hept-3-yl, pent-3-yl, n-nonyl or n-undecyl groups, R4 and R9 are n-heptadecyl groups, R5 and R10 are the same and are hydrogen or methyl, x, x'', y and y'' are the same and are 1 or 2, and X is oxygen or sulphur.
 4. A polymeric composition which comprises a halogen-containing resin and, as a stabilizer therefor, 0.01-10% by weight of an organotin compound of the general formula
 5. A composition for stabilizing a halogen-containing resin, the composition comprising an organotin compound of the general formula 